What is Neurodiversity?

Neurodiversity is the concept that neurological differences are a natural and valuable part of human diversity. Just as biodiversity strengthens ecosystems, neurodiversity enriches our society by bringing different ways of thinking, learning, and experiencing the world. This term acknowledges that brains are wired in many different ways, and these variations should be embraced rather than seen as deficits.

Acceptance of neurodiversity encourages us to move away from a medical model - when considering autism, ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia, and others, and instead adopt a social model that recognises the importance of acceptance, inclusion, and support. Every individual has their own strengths, needs and preferred ways of communicating, and recognising this allows us to build a more inclusive world.

Understanding Neurodivergence

Neurodivergence refers to individuals whose cognitive processing differs. This can encompass a broad range of differences, including but not limited to:

  • Autism – A different way of processing social interactions, sensory input, and communication.
  • ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) – A variation in attention regulation, impulse control, and activity levels.
  • Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) – A lifelong difference in how language is understood and used, affecting speaking, listening, and/or understanding.
  • Dyslexia – A set of processing differences that can affect the development of literacy often involved with phonological awareness, reading and spelling.
  • Dyspraxia (Developmental Coordination Disorder) – Differences in motor coordination, planning, and sensory integration.
  • Tourette’s Syndrome – A condition characterised by involuntary movements and vocalisations known as tics.

Rather than viewing these as ‘disorders’ to be fixed, neurodiversity recognises that people experience the world differently and that society should adapt according to their individual needs rather than forcing conformity.

Why is Neurodiversity Awareness Important?

When we understand neurodiversity, we can better support children and young people in ways that are meaningful to them. This means:

  • Using positive, neuro-affirming language – Avoiding terms like ‘disorder’ or ‘deficit’ and instead recognising the value of diverse thinking.
  • Creating environments that work for everyone – Making adjustments that reduce sensory overload and allow for different styles of learning and communication.
  • Encouraging mutual understanding – Helping ALL individuals learn from each other and communicate effectively.
  • Implementing a Total Communication Approach – Using speech, sign, visuals, technology and other tools to support communication in a way that suits each person best.
  • Focusing on strengths – Recognising and celebrating the skills and talents of neurodivergent individuals rather than focusing solely on challenges.
  • Providing flexibility in learning and work environments – Recognising that different individuals may require different strategies to thrive, such as quiet spaces, movement breaks, or alternative forms of communication.

By adopting neuro-affirming practices, we can create spaces where all children and young people feel understood, valued and empowered to succeed on their own terms.

The Role of Speech and Language Therapy in Supporting Neurodivergence

Speech and language therapists (SLTs) play a crucial role in supporting neurodivergent individuals by ensuring that communication needs are met in a way that respects and embraces differences. Rather than pushing neurodivergent individuals to conform to neurotypical standards, SLTs work to create environments that support diverse ways of interacting. This might include:

  • Providing suitable alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) methods
  • Helping individuals and their communication partners develop mutual understanding
  • Encouraging the use of sensory-friendly communication strategies
  • Advocating for neuro-affirming language and approaches in schools and workplaces
  • Supporting social communication while recognising and respecting different styles of interaction
  • Encouraging self-advocacy so neurodivergent individuals can express their needs confidently

At its core, speech and language therapy should be about empowering neurodivergent individuals to communicate in ways that feel natural and comfortable for them.

How Schools and Workplaces Can Embrace Neurodiversity

To create a truly inclusive society, schools and workplaces must move towards neuro-affirming approaches. Some practical ways to do this include:

  • Providing training for staff – so they understand neurodivergence and how best to support neurodivergent individuals.
  • Creating sensory-friendly environments – by offering quiet spaces, reducing unnecessary noise, and allowing adjustments for sensory sensitivities.
  • Offering multiple ways to communicate – not everyone prefers spoken communication, so consider text-based or visual alternatives.
  • Adopting flexible policies – that allow for different working and learning styles, such as alternative seating arrangements, movement breaks, and extended deadlines.
  • Celebrating neurodiversity – through awareness campaigns, events, and policies that value diverse perspectives and skills.
Learn More with Our ‘Introduction to Neurodiversity’ E-Learning Session

If you work with children and young people with speech, language and communication needs, or if you want to deepen your understanding of neurodiversity, Elklan’s stand-alone e-learning session, An Introduction to Neurodiversity, is for you.

This engaging, interactive session explores:

  • The meaning of neurodiversity
  • The importance of using positive, neuro-affirming language
  • How mutual understanding can strengthen relationships
  • How to adopt a Total Communication Approach
  • Ways to implement neuro-affirming practice in your setting

You don’t need to have completed an Elklan accredited course to take part – this is a one-hour, stand-alone session designed to support your learning.

Join us in celebrating Neurodiversity Celebration Week by committing to deeper understanding and more inclusive practice. Explore An Introduction to Neurodiversity today and take the next step in embedding neuro-affirming approaches in your work.

Find out more and book your session here:

https://www.elklan.co.uk/Training/Practitioners/CPD/An_Introduction_To_Neurodiversity/